Combined Builders Work Drawings Production (Revit) 合併建造工程圖（CBWD）製作（Revit）

Producing Combine Builders Work Drawings (CBWD) for opening construction is an intricate process that involves a harmonious collaboration of Architecture, Structure, and Building Services. CBWD encompasses various types of openings, such as wall openings (doors, windows, AC ducts, fire suppression pipes, etc.), slab openings (tower cranes, material hoists, AC risers, etc.), and beam openings (primarily for drain pipes). Throughout the CBWD workflow, each stakeholder plays a crucial role in ensuring that construction adheres to standards and client requirements. For example, architects specify door and window sizes, engineers assess the impact of openings on the main structure and provide calculations, and building services engineers reroute Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) systems to accommodate opening locations.

製作合併建造工程圖(CBWD)以進行開口建設是一個複雜的過程，需要建築、結構和建築服務的協同合作。CBWD包括各種類型的開口，如牆壁開口（門、窗戶、空調管道、消防供水管道等）、板條開口（塔吊、物料提升機、空調升降機等）和梁開口（主要用於排水管道）。在整個CBWD工作流程中，每個利益相關者都在確保建設符合標準和客戶要求方面發揮著關鍵作用。例如，建築師規定門和窗戶的尺寸，工程師評估開口對主結構的影響並提供計算，建築服務工程師重新調整機電系統以適應開口位置。

Creating this set of drawings is a complex task, demanding extensive coordination among diverse stakeholders. Traditional 2D sketches or AutoCAD often fall short in delivering the precision and efficiency needed. In such scenarios, Building Information Modeling (BIM) becomes an indispensable tool. In this blog, I'll share my method for CBWD production, particularly in design and build projects.

製作這套圖紙是一項復雜的任務，需要各種利益相關者之間的廣泛協調。傳統的2D草圖或AutoCAD經常無法提供所需的精確性和效率。在這種情況下，建築信息建模（BIM）成為一種不可或缺的工具。在本文中，我將分享我的CBWD製作方法，特別是在設計和建造項目中。

Initiating the CBWD Production Workflow:

啟動CBWD製作工作流程：

Architect's Role 建築師的角色: 

The architect oversees the architectural model, encompassing walls, stairs, doors, windows, and floor finishes. They are responsible for reviewing and approving the architectural part of the drawing.

建築師負責監督包括牆壁、樓梯、門、窗戶和地板飾面在內的建筑模型。他們負責審查和批准圖紙的建筑部分。

Structure Consultant's Role 結構顧問的角色: 

The structural consultant manages the structural model, which includes load-bearing walls, stairs, slabs, columns, and beams. They are responsible for reviewing and approving the structural portion of the drawing.

結構顧問負責管理結構模型，其中包括承重牆、樓梯、板條、柱子和樑。他們負責審查和批准圖紙的結構部分。

MEP Consultant's Role 機電顧問的角色: 

The MEP consultant handles the MEP model, which comprises ducts, pipes, drain points, trunking, and more. Their responsibility involves reviewing and approving the MEP section of the drawing.

MEP顧問負責處理MEP模型，其中包括管道、管道、排水點、管道幹等。他們負責審查和批准圖紙的機電部分。

Drawing Production Team 圖紙製作團隊: 

This team leverages the information from the models to produce elevations and layouts for drawing submission, ensuring drawing quality.

這個團隊利用模型中的信息來生成圖紙的立面和布局，確保圖紙的質量。

Applying the Concept: "Frozen Model" for Drawing Submission:

應用「指定模型版本」概念進行圖紙提交：

In a design and build project, daily changes to the model are inevitable. However, not all model changes are suitable or confirmed. To maintain drawing and model version consistency during the lengthy drawing submission process (typically 1 - 3 months), accepted model versions should be recorded in the drawing. The "frozen model" concept is crucial here. If a model update is accepted during the submission process to address approval parties' comments, it can be used to align with the latest changes.

在設計和建造項目中，模型的日常更改是不可避免的。然而，並非所有模型更改都適合或確定。為了在漫長的圖紙提交過程中（通常為1 - 3個月）保持圖紙和模型版本的一致性，應在圖紙中記錄接受的模型版本。這裡的「凍結模型」概念至關重要。如果在提交過程中接受了模型更新以應對審批方的意見，則可以使用該更新來對齊最新的更改。

Utilizing Revit for CBWD Production:

利用Revit進行CBWD製作：

Create a Drawing Model 創建一個圖紙模型: 

Generate a drawing model and link all required models. All CBWD drawings will be stored within this model. Multiple drawing models can be created by level or builder if necessary.

創建一個圖紙模型，並鏈接所有所需的模型。所有CBWD圖紙將存儲在此模型中。如果需要，可以按層或按建築商創建多個圖紙模型。

Automate Layout and Wall Elevations 自動化布局和牆壁立面: 

Employ Dynamo to automatically create layouts based on building size and generate wall elevations. Rearrange layouts and elevations on drawing sheets using Dynamo.

使用Dynamo自動根據建筑尺寸創建布局，並生成牆壁立面。使用Dynamo將布局和立面重新排列到圖紙上。

Develop an Opening Model 開口模型的創建: 

Create an opening model to store data regarding door, MEP, and window openings. This model is invaluable for counting openings and ensuring safety compliance.

創建一個開口模型，用於存儲門、機電開口和窗戶開口的數據。這個模型對於計算開口數量和確保安全合規性非常重要。

Automate Tagging 自動標記: 

Automatically tag essential information, such as S.F.L. (Slab Finished Level), F.F.L. (Floor Finished Level), R.C.L. (Roof Construction Level), door marks, window marks, opening sizes, and more.

自動標記重要信息，如S.F.L.（板條完成水平）、F.F.L.（地板完成水平）、F.C.L.（天花建筑水平）、門標記、窗標記、開口尺寸等。

Regularly Export Drawings 定期導出圖紙: 

Export drawings bi-weekly to account for human errors, Revit bugs, and model updates that may affect drawing content.

每兩周導出圖紙，因為圖紙內容總是受到人為錯誤、Revit錯誤和模型更新的影響。

Monitor Drawing Changes with PDF Compare 使用PDF比較監視圖紙更改: 

During the approval process, drawing versions should remain frozen. Use tools like Bluecube to compare PDFs and track any alterations.

在審批過程中，圖紙版本應該保持凍結。使用Bluecube等工具比較PDF文件，跟蹤任何更改。

Addressing Issues During CBWD Production:

處理CBWD製作期間的問題：

Challenges with Door Sizes 門尺寸的挑戰: 

Door sizes are often uncertain in the early stages of design and build projects. This uncertainty may be due to unique door sizes not available in the market or subcontractors not being finalized. To tackle this issue, create an opening model to accommodate such variations.

在設計和建造項目的早期階段，門尺寸常常不確定。這種不確定性可能是由於市場上找不到設計師所需的特殊門尺寸，或者分包商尚未最終確定。為應對這個問題，創建一個開口模型以適應這種變化。

Approval Process Delays 審批過程的延遲: 

When the approval process experiences significant delays (up to 6 months), model updates can pose a challenge. Automation tools become crucial to reduce the time needed for rework.

當審批過程出現重大延遲（長達6個月）時，模型更新可能會帶來挑戰。自動化工具變得至關重要，以減少重新製作所需的時間。

Comments on Drawing Quality 與模型質量相關的圖紙評論: 

During the approval process, comments related to model quality are common but are often marked up on drawings without being communicated to the model team. Using BIM Track to store comments is vital for tracing related parties and resolving modeling issues.

在審批過程中，通常會對模型質量提出評論，但這些評論往往僅標記在圖紙上，而未通報給模型團隊解決問題。使用BIM Track等工具存儲評論對於追蹤相關方並解決建模問題至關重要。

Takeaways and Reflections:

心得和感想：

Producing CBWD is a demanding task—complex, repetitive, and often monotonous. You'll invest significant time in repetitive tasks throughout the construction project's lifespan because CBWD is integral to front-line construction, where questions and issues frequently arise. Hence, I strongly recommend exploring automation tools and establishing an automated workflow for CBWD production. This approach not only improves efficiency but also enhances precision, making it more human-friendly.

製作CBWD是一項艱鉅的任務，既複雜又重複，通常也單調乏味。在整個建築項目的生命週期中，您將花費大量時間處理重複的任務，因為CBWD是前線建設的重要組成部分，其中問題和疑慮經常浮現。因此，我強烈建議尋找自動化工具並建立CBWD製作的自動化工作流程。這種方法不僅提高了效率，還增強了精確性，使其更加人性化。

In closing, the process of CBWD production with BIM is a transformative journey that requires a blend of expertise, automation, and adaptability. It's a vital aspect of modern construction that paves the way for seamless project execution. Stay tuned for more insights and practical tips on mastering CBWD production with BIM.

總之，使用BIM進行CBWD製作的過程是一個變革性的旅程，需要專業知識、自動化和適應能力的結合。它是現代建設的重要方面，為順利的項目執行鋪平了道路。敬請期待更多關於如何掌握CBWD製作與BIM的實用見解和技巧。